The allure of luxury living today extends beyond opulence and convenience. Discerning homeowners now demand spaces that foster well-being, sustainability, and a deeper connection to nature. In India, biophilic design is taking on unique dimensions, drawing from the country’s rich cultural heritage, biodiversity, and climatic diversity. From incorporating Ayurvedic principles in spatial layouts to reviving indigenous materials in modern architecture, the biophilic movement is creating living spaces that are as functional as they are inspirational. Developers are embracing biophilic principles to create vertical forests and green facades, providing residents with the benefits of nature while maximising urban land use. For example, in Mumbai, Raheja Universal introduced a high-rise with lush green terraces and vertical gardens that extend up the building, offering each unit a connection to nature. Similarly, DLF’s Camellias in Gurugram boasts expansive green spaces interspersed with high-rise luxury apartments.

Another standout example is Eros Sampoornam, a project designed with a unique focus on open spaces and natural integration. While primarily a mid-rise development, its extensive landscaped gardens, walking trails, and water features embody the principles of biophilic design, making it a benchmark for sustainable luxury living in Greater Noida West. This project showcases how biophilic design can enhance the quality of life in both vertical and low-rise communities.

This paradigm shift is not just about aesthetics; it’s a response to pressing global challenges, including urban stress, environmental degradation, and the growing importance of mental health.

1. Ayurvedic integration

India’s ancient wellness science, Ayurveda, is finding a modern expression in biophilic luxury homes. While globally, biophilic design often emphasises greenery and natural light, the Indian approach delves deeper, aligning spaces with individual well-being.

Luxury developments are now tailoring indoor environments to support specific doshas — vata, pitta, and kapha — to enhance physical and emotional balance. For instance, homes designed for pitta individuals incorporate cooling elements like indoor water features and light hues, while vata-friendly designs focus on warmth and grounding textures, such as terracotta and bamboo.

Another emerging trend is therapeutic landscapes, where residential gardens include Ayurvedic herbs like tulsi, neem, and brahmi. These not only enhance the aesthetic appeal but also provide residents with access to plants that promote healing and immunity.

In South India, developers are integrating wellness zones inspired by Ayurvedic retreats. These include yoga decks, herbal spas, and meditation gardens that align with the principles of holistic health. By incorporating Ayurvedic elements, biophilic design transcends its aesthetic value, offering residents a personalised sanctuary for rejuvenation.

2. Reviving indigenous materials

In India’s luxury real estate, the revival of indigenous materials is transforming biophilic design into a sustainable art form. Beyond reducing carbon footprints, this movement celebrates the country’s rich architectural traditions and craftsmanship.

Developers are increasingly turning to materials like mud, lime plaster, and stone — long used in India’s vernacular architecture — to create homes that are both eco-friendly and luxurious. For example, clay tiles traditionally used in South Indian homes are now being reimagined as contemporary roofing solutions, while Jaipur’s pink sandstone is adorning the facades of high-end residences.

A standout innovation is the use of compressed stabilised earth blocks (CSEB), a modern take on traditional mud bricks. These blocks are durable, thermally efficient, and visually striking, making them ideal for luxury projects with a biophilic ethos.

Stone jaali screen | Photo Credit: Getty Images/istock

Moreover, artisanal craftsmanship is making a comeback, with bespoke installations like stone jaali screens and carved wooden panels gaining prominence. These elements not only pay homage to India’s heritage but also optimise natural ventilation and lighting — key principles of biophilic design.

3. Sensory engagement

Biophilic design in India is pushing the boundaries of sensory engagement, creating spaces that go beyond visual beauty to connect with all five senses. Luxury homes are now being curated to offer multi-sensory experiences.

Developers are incorporating aromatherapy zones within residences, using essential oils extracted from native plants like sandalwood, jasmine, and vetiver. These aromas evoke calm and nostalgia, fostering a serene ambiance. Similarly, soundscapes featuring water fountains, wind chimes, and curated playlists of natural sounds such as bird calls or rustling leaves are becoming a hallmark of biophilic luxury.

Touch is another key focus area. High-end residences now feature tactile materials like raw silk, polished wood, and textured stone, allowing residents to physically connect with their surroundings. Even flooring is being reimagined with tactile finishes that feel warm and natural underfoot.

In terms of lighting, the interplay of natural and artificial light is used to mimic daily rhythms, creating a dynamic living environment. For example, soft, diffused lighting that changes intensity throughout the day aligns with circadian cycles, promoting better sleep and mood regulation.

4. Eco-friendly technology

India’s luxury homes are increasingly blending biophilic design with smart technology, creating spaces that are as efficient as they are eco-friendly. This fusion ensures residents experience the best of both worlds — nature’s tranquillity and modern convenience.

Smart irrigation systems, for instance, are revolutionising indoor and outdoor greenery maintenance. These systems monitor soil moisture and weather conditions to optimise watering schedules, ensuring lush gardens with minimal resource wastage.

Advanced home automation systems are now integrating natural elements into daily living. From automated blinds that adjust to maximise natural light to air purifiers that replicate the quality of fresh mountain air, technology is enhancing biophilic experiences.

Virtual reality (VR) is also making its way into urban luxury apartments, where residents can immerse themselves in virtual natural settings. This is particularly relevant in dense cities such as Mumbai and Delhi, where physical green spaces are limited and available at a premium.

Additionally, biophilic apps are gaining traction, offering features such as plant care reminders, air quality monitoring, and real-time updates on biodiversity within residential complexes. These innovations are turning luxury homes into living ecosystems, making Indian real estate a pioneer in tech-enabled sustainable living.

5. Community programmes

Biophilic luxury is no longer confined to individual residences. Developers are now focusing on community-centric designs that create shared green spaces, fostering a sense of belonging and environmental stewardship.

Luxury projects are incorporating urban farming initiatives, where residents can grow organic produce in community gardens. This not only promotes sustainability but also strengthens social bonds among residents. For example, in Bengaluru, developers have introduced rooftop gardens where residents can participate in farming workshops and harvest their own vegetables.

Shared green spaces like landscaped courtyards, walking trails, and open-air amphitheatres are becoming central to luxury housing. These areas are designed to encourage interaction while providing a tranquil escape from urban chaos.

Another innovation is the creation of biodiversity corridors within residential complexes, supporting local flora and fauna. Native trees and water features are strategically integrated to attract birds, butterflies, and small wildlife, enhancing the ecological value of the space.

The writer is Director, Eros Group.